In a large skillet over medium heat, brown the ground beef until fully cooked, about 5-7 minutes. Drain excess fat if necessary.
Stir in the chili with beans, garlic powder, onion powder, chili powder, salt, and pepper. Simmer for about 10 minutes, stirring occasionally.
While the chili is simmering, grill or boil the hot dogs according to package instructions.
Toast the hot dog buns lightly on a grill or in the oven if desired.
To assemble, place a hot dog in each bun, top generously with the beef chili mixture, and sprinkle with shredded cheddar cheese.
Add diced onions and jalapeños on top if using. Serve immediately.